Unexplained loss of muscle mass - Balance Hormone Center

Unexplained loss of muscle mass, known as idiopathic sarcopenia, is a concerning condition where muscle seems to waste away or atrophy for no clear reason. This involuntary loss of muscle can happen even with adequate nutrition and exercise. Some potential causes that may contribute to idiopathic sarcopenia include:

• Age-related muscle loss (sarcopenia) - As we get older, we naturally lose muscle mass due to reduced hormones and physical activity. However, idiopathic sarcopenia causes more severe wasting not explained by aging alone.
• Underlying undiagnosed medical conditions - Diseases like cancer, kidney/liver failure, inflammatory disorders, and endocrine problems can sometimes cause muscle wasting. Extensive testing is needed to uncover if any hidden illness is accelerating muscle loss.
• Medications - Certain drugs like corticosteroids, chemotherapy, antiretrovirals, and others can trigger muscle loss as a side effect. Doctors review medications being taken to see if any are implicated.
• Poor nutrition - Inadequate calories, protein, vitamins, and minerals can contribute to muscle breakdown. However, people with idiopathic sarcopenia typically eat well, so other factors must be involved.
• Sedentary lifestyle - Insufficient physical activity can accelerate muscle loss. But people with this condition often exercise regularly, signaling other drivers of atrophy.
• Other - Scientists study things like mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance, and inflammation signals as possible contributors. The exact mechanisms are still being investigated.

To diagnose idiopathic sarcopenia, doctors first rule out other explanations for muscle loss like poor nutrition or obvious disease. Then they assess muscle mass and function to compare against normal age-related wasting. Treatments focus on trying to rebuild and maintain muscle through exercise, nutrition, and possibly medications if an underlying condition is found. Slowing further wasting protects strength, mobility, and metabolism. Catching it early is key.