Cholesterol levels - Balance Hormone Center

What are Cholesterol Levels?

Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that your body needs to function properly. It is produced naturally by the liver, but you also get cholesterol from foods. Too much cholesterol can lead to atherosclerosis, where cholesterol plaque builds up in your arteries. Over time, this narrows the arteries and restricts blood flow, increasing your risk for heart attack and stroke.

There are two main types of cholesterol:

• LDL cholesterol - the "bad" cholesterol that can build up in arteries
• HDL cholesterol - the "good" cholesterol that carries LDL away from arteries to the liver where it is broken down

When we talk about cholesterol levels, we are referring to the measured amounts of the different cholesterols circulating in your bloodstream. These levels are usually measured through a simple blood test.

What are Healthy Cholesterol Levels?

The American Heart Association recommends these ideal cholesterol levels for good heart health:

• Total cholesterol: less than 200 mg/dL
• LDL cholesterol: less than 100 mg/dL
• HDL cholesterol: 60 mg/dL or higher
• Triglycerides: less than 150 mg/dL

So in short - aim for lower LDL and total cholesterol, but higher HDL cholesterol.

What Affects Cholesterol Levels?

Many factors influence cholesterol levels including:

• Diet - Saturated and trans fats tend to raise LDL cholesterol
• Weight - Being overweight typically increases unhealthy cholesterols
• Exercise - Being active boosts protective HDL cholesterol
• Genetics - Your genetics impact how your body produces and manages cholesterol
• Medications - Certain medications used to treat other health conditions

What do Abnormal Cholesterol Levels Mean?

Typically, healthcare providers will check cholesterol levels first before determining if treatment is needed. If levels are borderline or concerning, they may first recommend lifestyle changes. But in cases of high cholesterol, such as familial hypercholesterolemia, medication is usually prescribed immediately alongside diet and exercise changes.

The goal is to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular disease. Lowering elevated LDL cholesterol can help clear plaque buildup and improve outcomes. Discuss your results thoroughly with your doctor.

Let me know if you have any other questions on understanding cholesterol levels!